Filter



June 24, 1924. 1,498,537

, R. v. BINGAY FlLTER Filed Sept. l, 1922 A TTORNE Y Patented lJune 24,f Y

` ROBERT -PATENT7 v. BINGAY, or PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, AssroNon To'PITTSBRGH oFFl'cE.-

TnANsronmEnoomPANY, A coaronATIoN or 'rENNsYLvANrA- Appnctid medsepteniber 1,11e22. serial No. 585,616.

To. all whom t may oo'nemf. Be it known' that L-ROBERT V. BINGAY,

a' citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the countyof Allegheny.v and State of Pennsylvania, have invented cer-v tain new'and useful- Improvements in Filters, of which the following is-aspecification. M This invention relates to'pr'oteetive devices, and isof especial'advantage for use in transformers or other devices immersedin oil in a tank. Due to the alternate heating and cooling of thetransformer in service the oil .correspondingly expands and contracts involume and topermit this alternate ex` pansion and contraction of theoil an .air

space is provided above it with av breather It is imconnection to theoutside air. portant to exclude moisturexfrom entering 'the transformerthrough this breather con.-

nection as such moisture impairs the insulating properties of the oil,land the general object of this invention is to provide a breather withmoisture excluding means which isl 2 5 sim le and inexpensive inconstruction and yof argeca'pacity so` that even under extremely wetconditions practically no moisture willenter the transformer. In thebreather connection o-f this invention a mass of absorbent materialactsto absorb an moisture so as to exclude it from the trans ormer.During the cooling of the transformer the entering air is required totraverse extended tortuous.' paths throughthe mass of the absorbentmaterial and is effectively dried thereby. Upon the next heating of thetransformer the hot dry air driven out. from the air space above the oilis forced in reverse direction through the 4o mass of absorbent materialso as to' thoroughly dry it and leave it in condition to absorb moistureagain during the next coolving of the transformer. In this way the heatof the transformer is used to exclude moisture from the transformer oil.

In the accompanying drawing the inven- V tion is illustrated by avertical sectional view of a s eciic embodiment in which a transformeraving a top 5 and oil 6 is pro-l vided with a breather B connecting theair space 7 above the oil 6 to the outside air.

The top 5 of the transformer is provided with an opening 8 in which isset a bushing 9 with' a weld 10 in the corner between the bushing andthe transformer top seas to make the 'connection air-tight. Threadedinto the bushing 9 isy a vertical pipe 11 carrying adisc 12 welded tothe!l pipe at .13 and having at its outer periphery. downwardly bentlugs 14. The outerend of the pipe 11 extends above the disk 12l and ispreferably provided with' a screen or gauze 15 fastened 1n place by thecapring 16. 'A semispherical cover member 17 is fastened at its edgeportion to thelugs 14 by screws 18, an annular opening being leftbetween the cover 17 and the peripherical edge 20 of the disk 12.

A chamber is thusleft between the top member 17 andthe disk member 12with'the' 70 t top `olf the chamber opening Vdownwardly l through pipe11 to the `transformer air space 'and lthe bottom .of the chamberopening downwardly `through the annular space '19 to the air. ,Withinthis' chamber a mass of75 y'absorbent material 21 is packed so thattheair 1n passing in or out of the transformer lsforced to seep throughthis material which acts as a filtering,A absorbent mass to withdraw themoisture from the entering air.

Upon cooling of the transformer and resultant drop of pressure in theairspace 7 atmospheric pressure will force air up 4through the annularopening-'19 and through traverse the entire mass of the absorbent Y'lmaterial 21; and the cross'section of the air passage through thismaterial is very large in comparison with the cross section ofthe l airpassages through pipe 11 and opening .19. 10o

The relative velocity of the air in passing through the-mass ofabsorbent material is therefore low and the entering air passing upwardslowly `through this material' remains a long time in contact therewithso as to have its moisture thoroughly and efectively removed. Similarlythe hot outgoing air during the heating of the transformer thoroughly`dries out the absorbent mass so as to give a very effective self dryingaction.

Gaf

. ,a chambercontaininginert absorbent matel 'accessible for repair. Theabsorbent rial ofvthis invention acting to physically filter themoisture from the air is advantageous -over chemical absorbent agents,such as calcium chloride, in not permanently accumulating moisture, butby redel'ivering it to the outgoing air the drying means of thisinvention is automatically self-drying. Chemical agents forrabsorbingmoisture require frequent removal and renewal and if left unchanged, asis usual, their accumulation of moisture becomes a source of wetting theentering air instead of drying it.

1 claim 1. The combination with a tank containing a fluid and havingranv enclosed space' permitting the fluid to expand and c'ontract, ofmeans for permitting the passage of air to and from said spacecomprising rial. adapted to physically filter moisture from the air.

2. The combination with a tank containing a fluid and having an enclosedspace permitting the fluid to expand and contract, of means to and fromsaid space comprislng a chamber containing a mass of absorbent materialadapted to physically filter -moisture from the entering moist a1r andto redeliver said moisture to the outgoing dry air.

3.- The combination with a transformer tank containing a fluid andhaving an enclosed space permitting the fluid to expand and contract, ofmeans for permitting the passage of air to and from said spacecomprising a chamber containing a mass of ab sorbent material adapted toph sically filter moisture from the air, saidv c y having anopenin tosaid tank and a separate opening to t e air.

4,. The combination with a transformer tank containing, a fluid andhaving an enclosed space permitting the fluid to expand and contract, ofmeans for permitting the passage of air to and from said space comlmate-4the air leaving for permitting the passage of air.

Plates amber prising a chamber containing a'mass of absorbent `materialadapted to ph sically filter moisture frdm the air, said c amber havingan "upper opening to said tank and a separate lower opening to the air.

5. The combination with a transformer tank containing a fluid and-havingan enclosed space permitting the fluid to expand and contract, of meansfor permitting the 4passage of air toand from said space'comprising achamber containing a mass of fibrous absorbent material adapted tophysically filter moisture from the air. 4

(i. The combination with a receptacle of means for permitting thepassage of air to and from said tank, and a mass of absorbent materialin said passage adapted to physically filter moisture` from the air, anditself exposed to the air and adapted to give up moisture to the air,under some conditions.. i

7. rl`he combination with a tank containing a fluid and an enclosedspace permitting the fluid to expand and contract, of means forpermitting a passage ofv air to and from said space comprising a pipeextending outwardly from said tank, a dome shaped memberspaced from theouter end of said pipe and forminga wall of a chamber, material adapted'to absorb lmoisture from the air located in said chamber andv in thepathof or entering the outer end of said pipe.

v 8. The combination with a tank containingfa fluid and having anenclosed space'4 permitting the fluid to expand and contract, 'of meansfor permitting the 'passage of air to and from said space .comprising apipe extending upwardly fromsaid tank, a plate secured'to said tankintermediate the ends of said pipe anda member secured to said plate andextending over the outer end of said pi e, said plate and member forminga cham er and material adapted to absorb moisture from the airlocated insaid chamber in the path of air entering or leaving the outer end ofsaid pipe,

9. The'combination with a plate a pipe extendino therethrough andsecured to said a ome shaped member secured to the outer edge of saidplate and covering one end of said pipe there being an annular spacebetween tie outer edge .of said plate and said domev shaped member, saidplate member and pipe forming a chamber and absorbent material locatedin said chamber.

ROBERT V. BINGAY.

